Abell 370 is NOT a Gravity Lens

During the summer of 2009, the Hubble Telescope used its new Wide Field Camera 3 to photograph Spiral Arc in Abell 370the Abell 370 cluster. The new camera can record near infrared, visible and ultra violet light. Here is a Hubble photo of the south end of the Abell 370 cluster.

An Abell cluster has at least 30 small galaxies bunched around one or more large ones. The space within Abell clusters gleams in X-rays, such as in the Perseus Cluster (Abell 426). X-rays are produced when high speed electrons collide with protons in space. The most energetic X-rays in the Perseus Cluster center around NGC-1275. Here is a Hubble picture of this energetic galaxy showing gaseous filaments radiating outwards. The X-rays and visible filaments indicate that this giant elliptical galaxy is ejecting gas streams and energetic particles into space.

Abell 370 is the most-distant cluster in the Abell catalog. Its light shines at about 3/4ths the frequencies of local atoms. The cluster is egg-shaped with the NGC-1275long axis passing through two large elliptical galaxies. X-rays pervade the cluster, but the strongest concentrations are in the large elliptical galaxies. In visible light, elliptical galaxies look like fuzzy eggs, but X-rays can reveal an internal structure. This is an X-ray image of the elliptical NGC-4679. The large light-blue oval is the elliptical galaxy. X-rays show that inside the galaxy resides a bright nucleus and strings of equally-spaced star clusters.

Numerous equally-spaced galaxy chains, blue streaks and arcs, surround the large elliptical galaxies in the Abell 370 cluster. The galaxies in each string have equal spacing like beads on a necklace. The galaxy chains also have similar colors and brightness. Examine the first picture again. You can see that the large yellow-orange elliptical has two jets, one of which has a tiny glob of stars at its terminus. The X-rays, galaxy chains, jets, streaks and arcs suggest that small galaxies were ejected from the large ones.
X-ray of NGC-4679
Look carefully at the great red arc in Abell 370. The red stream shines at 58% of the light frequencies of local atoms. The red arm links back to a spiral galaxy. A string of blue globular clusters arches around the left side of the galaxy's nucleus. Another spiral arm emerges from the right side and the two arms combine into the great jet. The jet contains blue star globs and blue streaks. The extended galaxy arm bends around four small galaxies. Why are there so many small galaxies in such a small space? This entire region gleams in bright X-rays, indicating intense activity. Evidently the small galaxies were ejected from the larger ones. Streams of blue star clusters and gas are also accelerating outward from the spiral galaxy. Compare this with the long spiral arm of the closer galaxy - Arp-295 in the image to the right.

The history of the universe is the only history that is visible by comparing the light from billions of galaxies at many ranges (eras). We can even compare primordial galaxy clusters with closer ones. The farthest known galaxy cluster is JKCS041 that is also bathed in X-rays. It has a central elliptical and a huge X-ray jet surrounding a second, smaller elliptical galaxy. We can clearly see strings of equally spaced galaxies within the cluster. JKCS041 appears to be an early version of Abell 370 when only a few galaxy chains had emerged from the central elliptical. httpArp-295://godsriddle.com/space/distant-cluster.html

We also see, in deep astronomical pictures, that the earliest primordial galaxies were naked, without extended features. At closer ranges we see globs of stars arching around the primordial cores forming tadpole tails and the early stages of barred two-armed spirals. At many ranges, we see that clusters of stars accelerate outwards, rotate around more, follow each other out in lanes as countless galaxies grew into dusty growth-spirals. Here is a face on spiral galaxy in the Abell 370 cluster. Notice that it is ejecting a long spiral arm complete with red gas and periodically  spaced blue star globs. The arm bends around a nearby elliptical galaxy and ends in a tiny yellow glob. Gas and stars cannot continually accelerate outward unless the properties of matter are changing. Indeed the light from ancient atoms visibly accelerates  its clock frequencies throughout cosmic history.

Scientists cannot accept the visible evidence that matter is always changing its properties. This is because their system of measuring and mathematicating was built on a historical assumption, that the properties of matterAbell-370 face on spiral are fixed, not emerging. It is not surprising that they claim that the streaks and arcs in Abell 370 are the light from a background galaxy that is bent by the cluster's gravity. They even claim that a great deal of invisible matter resides in the cluster to force their "gravity lens" formulas to work. Yet anyone can see the strings of ejected galaxies. Anyone can see evidence that individual galaxies eject star streams and gas jets. Galaxies cannot grow and clusters get spread out unless the properties of matter are emerging.

Carefully examine the basic assumption upon which science was historically founded. The visible history of the universe shows that the properties of matter are always changing relationally. When atoms change relationally, all their properties change together, in parallel.

Think about it!


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Last modified on July 29, 2010